Immunotherapy Advances

Immunotherapy Innovations: Cutting-Edge Treatments for Fighting Cancer

What is Immunotherapy?
Generally at the initial stages of cancer, when cancer cells are proliferating, the immune system of your body tries to kill the cancer cells. However, to counter this immune system, cancer cells develop mechanisms to avoid destruction and sustain growth. This phenomenon is known as “immune evasion”. Immunotherapy reverses this immune evasion and boosts your immune system to kill cancer cells, thus helping to fight against cancer.

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How is Immunotherapy Given?
Just like chemotherapy, immunotherapy is also administered as IV infusions.

Is Immunotherapy More Toxic than Chemotherapy?
Immunotherapy is not as toxic as chemotherapy. In fact, it has less severe toxicities compared to chemotherapy, and the frequency of toxicities is lower. However, the side effect profile of immunotherapy is different, and one needs to be extremely vigilant to identify and manage these side effects effectively.

What Are the Side Effects of Immunotherapy?
Side effects of immunotherapy are due to its mechanism of action, i.e., boosting your immune system. Your immune system may act against your body, manifesting as side effects. Common side effects include skin rash, hypothyroidism, diarrhea, and hepatitis. Less common side effects include interstitial lung disease, kidney injury, and adrenocortical insufficiency.

Can Cancers Be Cured with Immunotherapy?
Among all patients treated with immunotherapy, nearly 10 to 20% of cases are cured, with the disease not recurring for more than 5 years or sometimes never in a lifetime. It has significantly changed the lives of many individuals, curing them of their cancer.

How Long Should Immunotherapy Be Taken?
There is no definitive answer to this question. Ideally, it should be continued indefinitely. However, there is evidence that 2 years of immunotherapy may suffice for durable and sustainable responses.